Using PHP to Display Random Quotes

One way to add a random quote to your website is to use the PHP switch () statement. The switch statement compares one variable with many values and executes one piece of code depending on the value it equals. This allows you to prepare a list of quotations and then use the rand () function to select a number randomly that corresponds to one of the quotations.   Using Switch to Display Random Quotes This example code demonstrates how to use switch () to display a random quote on your website. Each of the sample quotes is set to run when  its number is chosen. By using rand () to choose a random number, one of the quotes is displayed at random. This example accommodates only six quotations, hence the rand (1,6) entry.   To add more quotes, you change the rand () function to allow for higher numbers and then add in their corresponding cases in the code. If you want to include a random quote on your PHP web page, use include () to pull the quote from this file, like this:

The Movie, Islam Empire Of Faith And Islam Essay - 2407 Words

This paper will be divided into two parts, one about the documentary we watched in class before and the lecture we had learned. For the first part, we watched the movie, Islam Empire of Faith and it talked mainly about Muhammad, how Islam was formed, and the ottomans. I never really learned anything about Islam but I frequently heard some rumors about the Middle East and the Islam but when I watched the movie, I felt I learned a lot from the movie because there were a lot of important information and I am surprised to know that they have so long history just like us but much complicated. I was not really surprised but more like I thought it is ridiculous that Muhammad was the messenger of God and the angel came to him in a cave. But, I am not trying to be mean but seriously? I thought it was weird because I never would have thought of any angels coming to you and told you that you would be the messenger of God’s. It kind of reminds me of Virgin Mary, she was approached by an angel, Gabriel and was told that she would be pregnant with God’s baby. Since Muhammad was the messenger of God’s and I was not really shocked to learn that Muhammad was needed to be removed soon, and run him out of town that villagers think. I learned that when I was practicing and studying to be a Roman Catholic when I was little. I felt that story is a lot similar to what I had learned back then, maybe it was about Muhammad. I don’t really remember whether it was really him or not because IShow MoreRelatedIslam: Empire of Faith1335 Words   |  6 PagesIn the movie Islam of Faith Part 1, the narrator starts off with the translation of azan to highlight the strong words and the strength of faith. The movie talks about how Islamic civilization has been one of humanities grandest achievements. It was muslims scholars who reclaimed the ancient wisdom of Greeks while Europe were in the dark ages. They who served the seed of the renaissance 600 years before Divincci. From the way we heal the sick to the numerals we use for counting,. Cultures have beenRead MoreThe Rise and Spread of Islam1129 Words   |  5 PagesThe Rise and Spread of Islam The world you once knew is falling to ashes and food is become such a scarcity that people are fighting over a few pieces of bread. The political class is too busy fighting among themselves to care for anyone else. Children are roaming the streets and begging for work to feed their dying, hungry stomachs. This is not a scene from a horror movie, but rather the reality of the beginning of post classical era. 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Then in 1526 Pakistan became part of the Mughal Empire. The Mughals introduced Sikhism and the Urdu language to Pakistan. The British government assumed direct control of India and much of Pakistan in 1858. By 1900 the territory had beenRead MoreWhat Are The Fundamental Beliefs Of Islam?2146 Words   |  9 PagesINTRODUCTION Islam, ISIS, ISIL, Sunni Muslim, Shi’ite Muslim, 911, various terrorist attacks around the world. What do the aforementioned people have in common? Their belief in the Qur’an and Allah. How does this belief in Allah differ with Christianity’s belief in Father God? Who knew that taking down Al Qaeda, and murdering Saddam Hussein would lead to the formation of the violent Islamic State called Isil or Isis? We often hear news about Shiite and Sunni Muslims – what is the difference? IsRead MoreThe Rise Of The First Crusade1405 Words   |  6 Pagespart of Asia Minor from Seljuk Turks` control and eliminating the Muslim threat to the Byzantine Empire. Already in July 1099 Jerusalem was conquered by the knights. The idea of ​​the First Crusade in particular, and the whole crusading movement as a whole took its roots in the situation that prevailed in Western Europe at the end of the early Middle Ages. After the division of the Carolingian Empire and the conversion of the Hungarians and the Vikings to Christianity, relative stability settledRead MoreIslamic Terrorism And The Threat Of Cultural Subversion2766 Words   |  12 Pagesis one of the greatest threats faced by the western world today .From threatening our life styles to killing our fellow citizens ,Islam underpins and erodes our laws and institutions in the name of their stalling 6th century ideology and holy book. Angered by transgressions long past and considering all foreigners and non believers infidels and non human, Radical Islam unless stopped in its cultural subversion and terrorist actions will soon become to much to be handled. In this paper I hope to conveyRead MoreIran is one of the World’s oldest co untries. There is evidence of settlements in Iran that go1800 Words   |  8 Pagesfirst as the Persian Empire not only Iran but in a vast territory of southwestern Asia and parts of Europe and Africa. Foreign powers have occupied Iran from time to time since the early years. The most important invasion is the one of the mid 600’s when Muslim Arabs took charge of the country having a lasting effect on its culture. The Muslim Caliphs (religious leaders) are the first ones to govern the country for about 200 years. During the Muslim Arab reign, the Islamic faith spread throughoutRead MoreEid-Ul-Fitr7138 Words   |  29 Pagesmaintain on earth. It is inscribed in verses which are compiled in the holy Quran, the most sacred book in Islam. It is said that the sacred knowledge was revealed to Muhammad during the month of Ramadan. As a mark of respect to Allah and to show gratitude to him for the true knowledge that he gifted to his sons and daughters, the prophet asked his followers (and therefore the followers of Islam) to pass the month of Ramadan in fasting, prayers and other austerities and end the month-long non-indulgenceRead MoreThe Jade Pendant5982 Words   |  24 Pagesthe influx of migrant workers well into the 19th and 20 century. Further add to this rich mixture, Malay culture which has seen the integration of Portuguese and Dutch language and culture from its earliest colonial influences and the strong sway of Islam. Yet, in the early history of Singapore literature, the threads of each literature developed very separately from each other. The Singapore short story written in Chinese in the sixties and early seventies had probably more in common with one written

William Wordsworth and the Romantic Ideals free essay sample

This paper looks at the life of English poet William Wordsworth, and analyzes several of his famous works. This paper discusses the life and works of William Wordsworth, the Romantic Era poet, as well as his influence on modern society. The author analyzes his poems Surprised by Joy, and The World is Too Much With Us, and relates them to the era. It is clear, through examination of his writings, how Wordsworths ideas came to be a great influence on society. During the Romantic period, the new theories that poets expressed were controversial and misunderstood. Through understanding and societal exploration as well as innumerable social, political, and religious changes over the years, Wordsworths revolutionary thoughts came to be considered common sense by many and a great source of inspiration in social, political, and artistic areas of life. Many modern popular songwriters display a very similar style. The Romantic characteristics of his work are beautifully illustrated in Suprized by Joy and The World is Too Much With Us in their imaginative emotional nature as well as their focus on nature and revolutionary thought. We will write a custom essay sample on William Wordsworth and the Romantic Ideals or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Exploration of the Dickens Discourse free essay sample

The relationship of fictive elements and social context in Charles Dickens `Hard Times.` The paper shows that the novel `Hard Times` by Charles Dickens appears after the first reading as a text alarmingly ambivalent, unconventional and unique. The author shows how the text appears to be a documentary of Dickens times, highlighting through literary means not only the polluted texture of the town but the complexity of its inhabitants. We will write a custom essay sample on Exploration of the Dickens Discourse or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The paper discusses the relationship between literature and Social Context in Hard Times and how it is reinforced not only through application of conventional literary tools, but a subtle reworking of elements forming contemporary 19th century literature. The novel Hard Times by Charles Dickens appears after the first reading as a text alarmingly ambivalent. Unconventional and unique, the text appears to be a documentary of his times, highlighting through literary means not only the polluted texture of the town but the complexity of its inhabitants. The relationship between literature and Social Context in Hard Times is reinforced not only through application of conventional literary tools, but a subtle reworking of elements forming contemporary 19th century literature. Dickens novel has often been alluded to as somewhat modernist, and it would seem the most pertinent form to express the depersonalization and dehumanization caused by the excesses of the industrial revolution.

The Unknown Rebel Essay Example

The Unknown Rebel Paper On the 5th Of June 1989 a single Chinese man stood up to a line of 18 tanks in Tiananmen Square. The image of him and his righteous act was broadcast all over the world as the image to forever illustrate one insignificant mans power to stand up to a virtually unstoppable force. Despite all efforts, Western Media Sources have been unable to discover his true identity so he has been dubbed The Unknown Rebel by Time Magazine and was included in their list of 100 Most Influential People of the 20th Century. This man is considered a rebel because he went against the man and refused to do as told by the tanks standing in front of him. For the previous two days there had been horrendous violence occurring between student protesters and the Chinese Government with incidents of people being shot in the back by soldiers for their pro-democracy protests in Tiananmen square. His act was intrinsically rebellious because he stood in the way of the tanks and even moved left and right with the tank to further block its path in a defiant way. He was even seen to climb on top of the tank and say to the driver Why are you here? My city is in chaos because of you. He then climbed back down and bystanders pulled him back into the crowd as he receded into anonymity. The Chinese government is a force to be reckoned with and this unknown rebel must have been aware of they were capable of killing as martial law had been declared and thousands just like him had been killed in the preceding days. Only a true rebel would risk his life to defy the government and stand up to a line of 18 tanks. We will write a custom essay sample on The Unknown Rebel specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Unknown Rebel specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Unknown Rebel specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer His image has been adopted by many people in many countries as a sign that every man can make a difference and do something major that impacts a large, diverse amount of people. It has been said that he was seen in his glorious moment by more people than ever laid eyes on Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein and James Joyce combined. This alone is indicative of the significance his one act had compared with the lifetime achievements of some men considered to be relatively more famous. The fact that after his act of rebellion he majestically disappeared into the crowd further adds to his image of the rebel. No one knows who he was, let alone what happened to him after that day. A year later, when an American reporter asked Chinese leader Jiang Zemin what had happened to the unknown rebel and he replied I think never killed. This mystery that surrounds the unknown rebel is one attribute that contributes to his image as a rebel due to the image that has been created around his anonymity. In conclusion, the unknown rebel of Tiananmen Square is a rebel because he has become a symbol for standing up against the big power at the risk of everything for something you believe in.

The ras gene Essay Example

The ras gene Essay Example The ras gene Essay The ras gene Essay Introduction The ras cistron was originally discovered as a viral transforming gene. Subsequent surveies have found that an altered version of the ras cistron is found in approximately 30 per centum of all human tumors. 1 Ras proteins encoded by reticular activating systems cistrons are little GTPase that serve as signal transducers by exchanging from an active GTP-bound signifier to an inactive GDP-bound signifier. These plasma-membrane-localized molecular switches regulate multiple signal transduction tracts. Activation of Ras signalling causes cell growing, distinction and endurance. Ras effecters refer to the alternate downstream signaling spouses that interact with the active signifier of Ras. There are at least three major effecter tracts, which are Raf kinase, PI3K and Ral-GEF tracts. Mutants in the Ras effecter adhering loop abrogate the ability of Ras effecters to adhere to Ras without interrupting the intrinsic ability of Ras to hydrolyse GTP and lead to the unmanageable downstream signaling Cascadess which may do malignant neoplastic disease. 2 Ras proteins Ras protein is held at the interior surface of the plasma membrane by a lipid group that is embedded in the interior cusp of the bilayer. It is a cardinal constituent of signaling tracts that leads all the manner from the outer surface of the plasma membrane to the Deoxyribonucleic acid of the karyon. The transition of Ras from an inactive GDP-bound signifier to an active GTP-bound protein is a cardinal measure in conveying the activation of membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinases to the induction of cistron written text in the karyon. Figure 1: The Ras signaling rhythm ( From Robert A. Weinberg. The biological science of malignant neoplastic disease 150-153, 2007 ) Figure 1 shows the Ras signaling rhythm. The upstream signals stimulate the inactive Ras-GDP signifier to the active Ras-GTP signifier. There are three distinguishable types of cell-surface receptors involved in the upstream signaling of Ras: G protein-coupled receptors, receptor tyrosine kinase, and integrins. All of them can take to the formation of phosphotyrosine moorage sites for the SH2 sphere of the adapter protein Grb2. Another sphere of Grb2 molecule binds to a protein called Sos. As a Ras-GEF, one time recruited to the interior surface of the membrane by adhering with Grb2, the Sos protein binds to Ras and trip it. 3 In most cases, binding of the GTP-bound protein activates the downstream mark, leting it to transport out a peculiar map. As a rhythm, the GTP-bound protein is so hydrolysed by GAP and returns to the inactive signifier. Mutants in the reticular activating systems cistron that lead to tumour formation prevent the protein from hydrolyzing the edge GTP back to the GDP signifier, even in the presence of the GAP. However, about all RAS activation in tumor is accounted for by mutants in codons 12, 13 and 61, which merely affect the GTPase catalytic activity of the Ras protein and stay other maps. Therefore, the Ras protein is left in the active signifier and additions an increased power to drive cell proliferation. 4 Ras effecters Ras effecters are proteins that have a strong affinity to the active signifier GTP-Ras, whose binding is impaired by mutants within the nucleus effecter sphere. The binding of Ras effecter proteins to GTP-Ras triggers distinct signaling Cascadess. However, some recent researches find that non as believed that GDP-Ras does non hold any functional function ; GDP-Ras so interacts with several effecter proteins and modulates downstream signaling events. 5, 6 In 1993, Raf kinase was foremost discovered as a Ras effecter followed by Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors ( Ral-GEFs ) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ( PI3K ) . Apart from the three effecters, the turning household of RAS effecter proteins includes RIN1, AF6, NORE1, TIAM, GAP, MEKK, PKC- ? and PLC-e. Currently there are more than 10 different RAS effecters ( see Figure 2 ) , and several of them contain functionally related isoforms. 7 Figure 2: Ras effecter tracts ( From Robert A. Weinberg. The biological science of malignant neoplastic disease 202-204, 2007 ) Royal air force The serine/threonine kinase Raf has been shown to be a critical signal transducer used normally by a figure of receptor protein tyrosine kinases ( RPTKs ) and to be indispensable for growing and development in craniates and invertebrates. 8, 9 Raf maps in the mitogen-activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) tract as portion of a protein kinase cascade. Raf kinase is stimulated by a assortment of receptors in tracts both independent of and dependent on Ras. Ras-Raf interactions have been extensively characterized and shown to be mediated by the effecter adhering cringle of Ras and the N-terminal regulative part of Raf. 10-13 Once Ras has bound GTP, activated Ras attracts and binds Raf via its effecter cringle. After this association, Raf is relocated via Ras from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. Activated Raf phosphorylates MEK ( MAPK kinase or Erk kinase ) which in bend activates MAP kinases such as Erk which phosphorylates several written text effecter molecules involved in the finding of the cellular response, such as Ets, Elk-1 and SAP-1 ) . 14, 15 There are four major groups of MAP kinases in worlds: the extracellular signal-regulated kinases ( Erk1 and Erk2 ) ; the c-Jun N-terminal kinases/stress-activated protein kinases ( Jnk1, Junk2 and Junk3 ) ; the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases ( p38MAPKa, p38MAPK A ; szlig ; , p38MAPK? and p38MAPKd ) ; and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases-5 ( Erk5 or Big MAP kinase-1 ) . 16 The Erks are by and large thought to be more of import in human malignant neoplastic disease than the other MAP kinase households, and functional end product of Erk is publicity of tumor growing, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. At low degrees Erk activity is deficient to excite proliferation, whereas high degrees of Erk activity favor cell rhythm suppression, frequently as a preliminary to distinction or aging. This is clearly of import in malignant neoplastic disease, where the cells need to accomplish the right degree of Erk activity in order to favor proliferation over other results to guarantee tumour patterned advance. Unfortunately, it is hard to prescriptive about the precise degrees of Erk activity as a predictive marker in malignant neoplastic disease surveies. It besides means that the lone manner to guarantee that this tract is being inhibited in tests of new targeted therapies will be to execute comparings of tract activity in pre- and on-treatment biopsies. 17 By using constitutively active and dominant negative mutations of the Ras and Raf proteins it has been shown that the Ras/Raf signal- transduction cascade plays a important function in the ordinance of cell proliferation by growing factors. The activation of the cascade by itself is sufficient to drive immortalized fibroblasts cell lines through a complete cell rhythm. Experiments demoing that cells showing oncogenic constituent active mutations of the Ras or Raf proteins show elevated degrees of cyclin D1 protein, which forms a complex with and maps as a regulative fractional monetary unit of CDK4 or CDK6, whose activity is required for cell rhythm G1/S passage. Overexpression of cyclin D1, which alters cell rhythm patterned advance, is observed often in a assortment of tumours and may lend to tumorigenesis. In add-on, the p27kip1 protein, which interacts with cyclin/cdk composites and thereby inhibits the catalytic activity of the composite, is repressed by Ras/Raf signalling. A po ssible account of how the Ras/Raf proteins intercede the downregulation of p27kip1 look arose from the observation that the Ras/Raf induced Erk kinase is able to phosphorylate the p27kip1 protein in vitro and that the phosphorylated p27kip1 protein can non adhere to and suppress the kinase activity of cdk2 immune composites, which so facilitates the phosphorylation of the cdk inhibitor and thereby marks the protein for ubiquitination and debasement. 20 Three isoforms of Raf in mammal have been identified ( Raf-1, B-Raf and A-Raf ) . All Raf proteins are expressed ubiquitously in developing and grownup mice, although B-Raf look is highest in neural tissues and A-Raf look is highest in urogenital tissue. 18 Mutations in Raf-1 are rare, but this isoform can be activated in certain contexts and may lend to oncogenesis by advancing cell endurance and modulating Erk signaling within a threshold allowable to proliferation. The presence of Ras and B-Raf mutants in malignant neoplastic disease high spots the importance of this tract as a curative mark. Studies show that malignant neoplastic disease cells that harbour mutants in B-Raf are well more sensitive to pathway suppression than are cells in which Ras is mutated. Unfortunately, at present it is still ill-defined whether it is better to aim B-Raf or MEK in B-Raf mutated cells. 19 The Ras-Raf-MAPK tract is arguably the most-extensively characterized and exhaustively studied signal transduction tract in metazoans, surely over the last decennary. This examination reflects the cardinal function of this tract in development, cellular distinction, and, particularly, mitogenesis. Continuous overactivity of this tract is necessary to the growing of a significant fraction of tumor development. The tract constituents therefore are attractive marks for antiproliferative therapies. The apprehension of the interaction between these elements and their operation during the procedure of Raf activation has expanded greatly but remains uncomplete. Decision

Theory and practice of human rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Theory and practice of human rights - Essay Example I shall then conclude by proffering an argument on how these premises can be limited so as to offer a reasonable and justifiable balance between the two competing interest. The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights states that Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, language, or any other status. Persons are all equally entitled to human rights without discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible. Accordingly, the normative totality of Human Rights revolves around: the Universality, indivisibility, interdependence, equality and obligations of parties and the State. UDHR though not a legally binding document, it values are immense. First, it set the pace for the States’ recognition and protection of Human Rights based on the Rule of Law. At the time of its promulgation, the UN General Assembly then proclaimed the Declaration to be; â€Å"a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of member states themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.† The 1993 Vienna World Conference on Human Rights1, for example, noted that it is the duty of States to promote and protect all human rights and fundamental freedoms, regardless of their political, economic and cultural systems. It provides in its preamble that; â€Å"Emphasizing the responsibilities of all States, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, to develop and encourage respect for human rights and fundamental